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Import Trade Deficit Hits 4.5bn In 2022

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The country’s imports in 2022 amounted to GH¢ 148.6 billion, indicating that imports were GH¢4.5 billion higher than exports which was valued GH¢144.4 billion, the Ghana 2022 Trade Vulnerability Report released by the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) has revealed.

According to the report, the value of imports was higher in nine out of the 12 months of that year with September being the month with the largest variation where imports exceeded exports at GH¢4.5 billion.

It also highlighted that the country has 209 import partner countries as opposed to 161 export partners.

The report, presented by Government Statistician, Prof. Samuel Kobina Annim, is the first publication produced by GSS that reports on the country’s trading activities.

According to the Prof. Annim, the report is important as it highlights the country’s international trade vulnerability which has the potential to constrain the strengthening of the country’s economy.

It was produced in partnership with the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) and will be published continuously.

Data on Imports

The report revealed that China is the country’s main import partner with a total import value of GH¢25 billion. China is the lead import partner for machinery and electrical equipment (33.3 %), chemical products (26.0 %), iron and steel (54.4 %), plastics (29.3 %), and other products (17.0%).

It added that almost two-thirds (63.3 %) of the country’s imports from Europe are from the United Kingdom (34.2 %), the Netherlands (19.2%) and Switzerland (9.9 %). Over two-thirds of mineral fuels and oils come from the United Kingdom (84.1), and the Netherlands (82.3 %) making them the country’s main trading partner for mineral fuels and oil.

Europe is the only continent where one commodity accounts for over half of all imports, which is 55 per cent of all mineral fuels and oil imported.

It indicated that within Africa, South Africa is the main import trading partner recording 23.8 per cent (GH¢3 billion) of the total value of imports from African countries followed by Egypt (14.3 %).

Vehicles and automotive parts are the leading import items originating from the USA accounting for about a third (32.8 %) of imports coming from North America.

The import of diesel and light oils, motor spirit, super as individual commodities have a total combined value of GH¢34.9 billion, which represent almost a quarter of all imports.

Data on Exports

The report stated that about 50.4 per cent of all the country’s exports to Europe go to Switzerland, followed by 13.0 per cent to the Netherlands, and 8.9 per cent to Italy.

China and India together make up more than three quarters (78.2 %) of all the country’s exports to Asia with China amounting to 44.3 per cent and India at 33.9 per cent.

It added that in Africa, 80.6 per cent of the country’s exports go to South Africa (51.3 %), Burkina Faso (15.7 %), Cote d’Ivoire (8.2 %), and Togo (5.4 %) with plastics (49.7%), iron and steel (43.6%), and chemical products (39.5%) being mainly exported to Burkina Faso. South Africa, with GH¢14.9 billion, is the main export destination within Africa with gold (89.9%) being the main export commodity while Burkina Faso is the second destination for export with GH¢4.6 billion.

The report highlighted that Gold makes up more than one third to half of exports to Asia (35.5%), Africa (46.1 %) and Europe (50.4 %). More than 90.0% of gold exports go to Switzerland (48.1%), South Africa (24.8%), and India (21.4%).

Mineral fuels and oils constitute the largest share of exports to North America (80.9%) and Asia (42.6%). Over three-quarters (78.0%) of mineral fuels and oils are exported to China (38.1%), Canada (33.0%), and Italy (6.9 %).

It also indicated that cocoa is mostly exported to Europe (22.1 %), Asia (7.6%), and North America (13.1%).  Half of cocoa exports go to the Netherlands (27.6%), USA (12.7%) and Belgium (9.7%).

Switzerland, China, and Canada are the major export destinations with exports over GH¢15 billion each. Exports to Switzerland amount to GH¢26.1 billion making it the country’s main export destination with GH¢7.9 billion more exports than China (GH¢18.2 billion) the second leading export destination.

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Ghana Reports First Oil Output Increase in Five Years With Production Rising By 10.7%

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Ghana has recorded a 10.7% increase in crude oil production in the first half of 2024, marking a reversal in a five-year trend of declining output, according to a report by Ghana’s Public Interest and Accountability Committee (PIAC).

The growth was largely driven by the Jubilee South East (JSE) project, managed by Tullow Oil, which began production in late 2023. This addition to Ghana’s Jubilee oil field helped boost production to 24.86 million barrels by June 2024, compared to a 13.2% decline over the same period in 2023.

PIAC’s half-year report also highlighted a significant rise in petroleum revenue, which surged by 56% year-on-year to $840.8 million by mid-2024. Ghana, a country that began oil production in 2010, depends on petroleum revenue for around 7% of government income. The report further noted a 7.5% increase in gas output, reaching 139.86 million standard cubic feet by June.

Despite the positive trend, Isaac Dwamena, coordinator of PIAC, cautioned that Ghana’s petroleum sector faces both technical and financial challenges. Ghanaian law requires oil companies to allocate at least 12% of project shares to the state, a mandate Dwamena noted can deter investment due to the high cost. “The state can take 15%, 20% carried interest based on negotiations, and that has been a disincentive,” he explained.

To further drive production, Ghana is planning to sell more exploration rights, aiming to harness its fossil fuel resources while also generating funds to support its energy transition. Major oil companies operating in the country include Eni, Tullow Oil, Kosmos Energy, and PetroSA.

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President urges universities to strengthen ties with industries

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President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo has called on universities in Ghana to strengthen ties with government, industries, and the communities they serve to ensure that researches are aligned with the needs of society.

That would contribute directly to the realisation of national development goals, he said.

The President made the call at Nyankpala during a ceremony to inaugurate a three-storey multi-purpose building for the University of Development Studies (UDS).

The building fulfills the President’s promise to the UDS during its 25 Anniversary celebrations.

It is named the “Silver Jubilee Building” in remembrance of the President.

The facility boasts of offices, conference halls, lecture theaters, and houses some faculties of the university.

President Akufo-Addo said universities were “breeding grounds” for ideas, researches and innovations that drove the nation’s progress and should remain actively engaged in the development process.

He said government believed in educating the population as the bedrock of a thriving democracy, a vibrant economy and a just society.

The President, thus, outlined some policies implemented aimed at improving access to education at all levels, which included the “no guarantor policy”.

He said the policy had improved access to tertiary education as it had eliminated financial barriers that historically prevented brilliant students from pursuing higher education.

The “no guarantor policy” for student loans increased the numbers of students seeking tertiary education from 443,978 in the 2016-2017 academic year to 711,695 in the 2020-2023 academic year, an increase of 60.3 per cent.

President Akufo-Addo said his government had extended considerable energy and resources to the education sector, recognising it as the most powerful tool to transforming the nation.

He said: “The considerable budgetary allocations within the period totaling some GH¢12.8 billion, amply demonstrates the shared determination of the Akufo-Addo government to ensure that education becomes a catalyst around which the transformation of our nation revolves.”

Source: GNA

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We’ve learnt our lessons; we won’t borrow to finance 2024/2025 crop season

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The Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) has announced that it will transition to self-financing for the 2024/2025 cocoa crop season, starting in September 2024.

For the past 32 years, COCOBOD has relied on offshore borrowing to finance cocoa purchases through its cocoa syndication programme. However, the organization is shifting its strategy to reduce dependency on external funds.

Speaking to the media on Tuesday, August 20, COCOBOD’s CEO, Joseph Boahen Aidoo, explained that this new approach is expected to save an estimated $150 million.

“Is it good that always COCOBOD should be heard going to borrow? Are we comfortable with that tag? Today, you have heard that COCOBOD is not going to borrow. It is quite a good time for any human being to learn his or her lessons.

“In 32 years, we have learned our lessons and we think that it is high time we wean ourselves from the offshore international financial markets and then finance the crop ourselves here and that is exactly what we are going to do. And I think it comes with a lot of projectory benefits.

“We are looking for $1.5 billion this crop season and looking at the interest rates last year, which were over 8 percent, plus the cost, it means that we can save more than $150 million by the decision not to go offshore.

He also denied assertions that COCOBOD was short-changing farmers with its pricing of cocoa.

“It is not true that COCOBOD is not giving the farmers a fair price. If you follow the narrative, you will notice that from 2017 on, COCOBOD has even been more than fair.

“The government had been more than fair to farmers because this was a time when prices had collapsed but the government and COCOBOD did not reduce the farmers’ price.”

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